The primary objectives of the study are, firstly to guide national and regional water resources developments planning through the development of a comprehensive picture of the current situation and development of a knowledge base of the irrigated areas, their water uses and the irrigation technology, and secondly to conduct a preliminary performance assessment of existing irrigation systems. Purposes of the assessment are to establish the current level of water productivity and water use efficiency; to identify the root causes for the low performance and constraints to improvement and to identify any rooms and measures for better performance. This assessment is expected to initiate dialogue and guide efforts for improvement of the performance of existing irrigation developments, exchange experience between Eastern Nile countries and inform planners of future developments in the Eastern Nile region.